What is prostate cancer?

Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that affects the prostate gland in men. According to a prostate cancer doctor in Kolkata, it develops when cells in the prostate gland begin to grow uncontrollably. This abnormal growth can cause the gland to enlarge.

What are the symptoms of prostate cancer?

When prostate cancer grows, it can cause a variety of symptoms. These have been listed below by the prostate cancer doctor in Kolkata.

1. Difficulty urinating or a weak urine flow.
2. Frequent urination, particularly at night.
3. Pain or burning sensation during urination.
4. Blood in the urine or semen.
5. Pain in the lower back, hips, or thighs.
6. Erectile dysfunction.
7. Weakness or numbness in the legs or feet.
8. Loss of bladder control.

Causes of prostate cancer

As per a medical oncologist in Kolkata, there are several factors that can increase a man’s risk of developing the disease, including:

1. Age: The risk of prostate cancer rises with age, especially in men over 50 years old.

2. Family history: Men who have a close relative, such as a father or brother, who suffer from prostate cancer are more likely to develop the disease.

3. Diet: A diet high in red meat and dairy products and low in fruits and vegetables may increase the risk of prostate cancer.

4. Obesity: Being obese or overweight may increase the risk of developing advanced prostate cancer.

5. Hormones: Changes in hormone levels, particularly an increase in testosterone levels, may contribute to the development of prostate cancer.

6. Environmental factors: Exposure to certain chemicals and toxins, like pesticides, may increase the risk of prostate cancer.

Treatments for prostate cancer

Here are some common treatments for prostate cancer:

1. Radiation therapy: This treatment uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells. It can be delivered externally, called external beam radiation therapy, or internally, called brachytherapy.

2. Hormone therapy: Prostate cancer cells depend on male hormones called androgens to grow, and hormone therapy aims to reduce the levels of these hormones in the body. Hormone therapy can be done through medications that block the production or action of androgens.

3. Chemotherapy: This treatment uses drugs to kill cancerous cells throughout the body. It is usually reserved for advanced prostate cancer that has spread to the other parts of your body.

4. Immunotherapy: This treatment uses drugs to help the body’s immune system identify and attack cancer cells. It is a newer treatment option for prostate cancer and is typically used in advanced cases.

5. Surgery: The surgical treatment for prostate cancer is called radical prostatectomy, which involves removing the prostate gland and surrounding tissue. It can be done through open surgery or minimally invasive laparoscopic or robotic-assisted procedures.