Dr Tanmoy Mondal

Colon Cancer

colon Cancer
colon Cancer

Colon Cancer

Colon Cancer Doctor in Kolkata

What is Colon Cancer?

Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, starts in the large intestine (colon), which is the final part of the digestive tract. This cancer typically begins as small, benign (non-cancerous) clumps of cells called polyps, which can eventually turn cancerous. Detecting colon cancer early significantly improves the survival rate. Early diagnosis and patient-based treatment by an expert medical oncologist in Kolkata, like Dr. Tanmoy Mandal, are crucial.

Symptoms of Colon Cancer

Some people with colon cancer cannot experience noticeable symptoms. Its symptoms depend on the stage of the disease. Some common colon cancer early-stage symptoms include:

  • Changes in bowel habits like constipation or diarrhea, or in the consistency of stools that lasts for more than a few days
  • Rectal bleeding or blood in the stool, which can appear as a bright or dark red color
  • Persistent abdominal discomfort (cramping or bloating)
  • Unexplained weight loss or loss of appetite
  • Fatigue
  • Anemia or iron deficiency may result in pale skin, weakness, and shortness of breath

Colon cancer female symptoms may include these signs along with pelvic pain or discomfort. It is essential to seek medical attention if these colon cancer symptoms continue for a longer period.

Colon Cancer Staging: TNM System

Colon cancer TNM staging is a system used to describe the extent of cancer growth. It evaluates the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of nearby lymph nodes (N), and the spread of cancer to other parts of the body (M), understanding the stage is vital for determining the appropriate treatment plan and predicting outcomes.

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    Dr Tanmoy mondal

    Dr. Tanmoy Kumar Mandal

    D.M.(Medical Oncology), M.D.(General Medicine)

    Causes of Colon Cancer

    Some of the common risk factors for colon cancer include:

    Age

    The risk of colon cancer increases as you get older, with most cases occurring in people over the age of 50.

    Family History

    A family history of colon cancer or other types of cancer can increase your risk of developing colon cancer.

    Inherited Genetic Mutations

    Some inherited genetic mutations, like Lynch syndrome or familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), can increase the risk of colon cancer.

    Personal History of Colon Polyps or Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

    People who have had colon polyps or IBD, such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease, have an increased risk of developing colon cancer.

    Radiation Therapy

    Radiation therapy to the abdomen or pelvis for other medical conditions (such as cancer), can also increase the risk of colon cancer.

    Preventing Colon Cancer

    Though not all cases of colon cancer can be prevented, there are several steps you can take to reduce your risk. Here are some ways on how to prevent colon cancer:

    Regular Screening

    It is necessary as Colonoscopies are used to detect and remove polyps before they turn into cancer.

    Healthy Diet

    To lower your risk, you need to follow a diet rich in fiber, fruits, and vegetables.

    Exercise

    Regular physical activities can help you maintain a healthy weight and reduce the risk of colon cancer.

    Avoid Smoking and Excessive Alcohol

    You should quit smoking and limit the intake of excessive alcohol as these habits are linked to an increased risk of colon cancer.
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    Treatments for Colon Cancer

    At our clinic, you can access a wide range of treatments for colon cancer. Each treatment plan is done based on the patient’s requirements, the stage, and specific characteristics of the cancer. Here are the key treatment options:

    Surgery

    Surgery is often the first line of treatment for colon cancer treatment in Kolkata. In this procedure, cancerous tissue is removed from the colon or rectum. Local colectomy is also recommended in which the entire colon is removed.

    Chemotherapy

    Colon cancer chemotherapy involves the use of drugs to kill cancer cells. We often use it after surgery to remove any remaining cancerous cells or in advanced stages to control cancer growth.

    Radiation Therapy

    This treatment uses high-energy radiation to destroy cancer cells. Depending on the stage of the cancer, it may be combined with chemotherapy or used as a stand-alone treatment. It is also used in cases where cancer has spread to other parts of the body.

    Targeted Therapy

    This approach focuses on specific proteins or genes that promote the growth of cancer cells. It can be combined with chemotherapy to increase effectiveness.

    Immunotherapy

    It is a cutting-edge treatment that helps your body’s immune system recognize and fight cancer cells. It is often used in cases where other treatments are less effective.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Do all polyps convert into cancer?

    No, all polyps do not generally convert into polyps. Colorectal polyps can appear in individuals aged 50 years. It is generally estimated that almost 5% of colorectal polyps can degenerate into this cancer.

    Can colon cancer be prevented through a healthy diet?

    Yes, foods rich in fiber and low-processed food or red meat can reduce the chances of colon cancer. You can reduce the risk of developing this cancer by avoiding excessive alcohol and maintaining weight.

    Do I need to undergo a colostomy?

    No, not all colon cancer patients need to undergo colostomy. It may be temporary or permanent depending upon the extent of the surgery.

    Colon cancer is common in men or women?

    Colon cancer can be diagnosed both in men and women, but men slightly have a higher risk of developing colon cancer. The risk factors of colon cancer increase along with age.

    Can we diagnose colon cancer at home?

    Most of the symptoms of colon cancer are very common and avoidable. For better screening, you need to undergo colonoscopy, blood tests, biopsy, and imaging tests.